Tensions in Middle East escalate after Iranian terror at sea

Iran has changed tactics in the shadow-war with Israel and the US to terrorizing commercial ships

Yochanan Visser , Aug 04 , 2021 11:30 PM

 

The Mercer Street, a Japenese-owned, Israeli-managed ship, was attacked near Oma

The Mercer Street, a Japenese-owned, Israeli-managed ship, was attacked near Oma

Johan Victor/Handout via REUTERS

Last week a number of Iranian suicide unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV’s) attacked the oil tanker Mercer Street in the Gulf of Oman.

Officially, Mercer Street is owned by a company in Japan, but Zodiac Maritime, a London-based company, operates the oil tanker. Zodiac Maritime is part of the Zodiac Group, a conglomerate owned by Israeli billionaire Eyal Ofer.

Two crew members of Mercer Street died when the suicide drones exploded in the deck that housed the crew of the vessel. One of them was the Romanian captain of the ship and the other was a British security officer.

Iran routinely denied it had anything to do with the major attack on the Mercer Street but that lie was later exposed by the Iranian broadcaster Al-Alam TV.

The Iranian media outlet reported that the UAV attack was a retaliation for an Israeli airstrike on the Al-Dabaa airport near the Syrian city of Al-Qusayr.

That attack occurred on July 22, in a week that the Israeli Air Force (IAF) also attacked other Iran- and Hezbollah-related targets in Syria.

Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett reacted furiously to the attack and said Israel had the evidence that the drones were Iranian and would share the evidence with other states such as the United States and the United Kingdom.

At the beginning of the weekly cabinet meeting Bennett said the following:

“The world recently received a reminder of Iranian aggression, this time on the high seas. The Iranians, who attacked the ship ‘Mercer Street’ with unmanned aerial vehicles, intended to attack an Israeli target. Instead, their act of piracy led to the deaths of a British citizen and a Romanian citizen. From here, I send condolences to Britain and Romania and, of course, to the families of the victims.

“I just heard that Iran, in a cowardly manner, is trying to evade responsibility for the event. They are denying it. Then, I determine, with absolute certainty – Iran carried out the attack against the ship. Iran’s thuggishness endangers not only Israel but also harms global interests, namely freedom of navigation and international trade.

“The intelligence evidence for this exists and we expect the international community to make it clear to the Iranian regime that they have made a serious mistake. In any case, we know how to send a message to Iran in our own way.”

On Tuesday Bennett again addressed the issue during a visit to the Northern Command of the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) and warned Iran that the time that the Islamic Republic’s regime could “sit peacefully in Tehran and from there ignite the entire Middle East was over.”

Bennett added that Israel was working to bring the international community to its side, including the delivery of intelligence that gave ironclad evidence Iran was behind the attack on the ‘Mercer Street’.

The Israeli PM also warned that Israel knows how to act alone against Iran in case the European countries and the US stick to the position that they want only to take political measures against Iran.

Bennett then harshly criticized the European Union for sending its coordinator for nuclear talks to the inauguration of Iran’s new president Ibrahim Raisi.

“Raisi is the most extreme Iranian president of them all, and the competition is tough,” the Israeli leader said before adding the following:

“I call upon the EU: One cannot talk about human rights and simultaneously honor a murderer, a hangman, who has eliminated hundreds of opponents of the regime.”

By calling Raisi a “murderer and hangman” Bennett was referring to the new Iranian president’s role in the random execution of more than 5,000 political prisoners in the eighties of the last century.

At the time the new Iranian president was chief prosecutor of Tehran where the executions of prisoners who were held without receiving any fair trial took place.

On Wednesday, the Israeli ministers of Defense and Foreign Affairs, Benny Gantz and Yair Lapid, revealed during a briefing with ambassadors of the countries that currently hold a seat in the Security Council of the United Nations that the head of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) UAV division planned the attack on the “Mercer Street”.

“Saeed Ara Jani is the head operator of the IRGC Air Force’s UAV system which struck the ship Mercer Street,” Gantz told the ambassadors adding that Ara Jani “provides the supplies, training, plans and is responsible for many acts of terror in the region.”

Lapid pointed out that Iran’s latest attacks on Israel-linked ships “are on international trade routes. This is an attack on freedom of movement. This is an international crime.”

“What is the international community going to do about it? Does international law still exist? Does the world have the ability and the will to enforce it?” Lapid asked.

“If the answer is yes, the world needs to act now,” Israel’s alternate Prime Minister and Foreign Affairs Minister told the ambassadors.

Then there was an additional mysterious incident off the coast of the United Arab Emirates that took place on Tuesday.

According to three maritime security sources, six commercial vessels, among them oil tankers, could have been “hijacked” by unknown pirates.

In one case it became clear that the Panama-flagged asphalt/bitumen tanker Asphalt Princess indeed had been hijacked briefly.

The ship was boarded by hitherto unknown gunmen who didn’t seize the vessel but surprisingly left it not long after they carried out their act of piracy.

Anonymous British sources later said they were “working on the assumption Iranian military or proxies boarded the vessel”, according to the English Times.

The new naval war that Iran launched this year against Israeli targets at sea and which now also targets other ships began in full after the IAF and the Israeli navy attacked Iranian ships bound for Syria with weapons and oil.

The Israeli military attacked the Iranian vessels repeatedly to prevent these illegal supplies.

All this shows that the Iranian threat to Israel and the rest of the world is increasing and that international waterways such as the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Oman, and the Arabian Sea are no longer safe, especially for Israeli and American ships.

Allies of the US and Israel will now also have to take measures to guarantee free shipping in the international waterways of the Middle East and beyond.

Iran is currently equipping Iranian tankers and other ships with its military unmanned aircraft. These Iranian ships sail as far as Russia and Africa.

In addition, the IRGC has also started installing small UAVs on its large speedboat fleet.

These small ships were regularly used for piracy in the Persian Gulf and to seize foreign tankers under the pretext that they had entered Iranian territorial waters.

Iran considers the Persian Gulf its own territory and has regularly threatened to close the Strait of Hormuz a narrow waterway in the Gulf that is used to transport 21 million barrels of oil per day to the West and other parts of the world.

Closure of the Strait of Hormuz will at first surely push the price of oil above $100 a barrel and will then almost certainly cause a dramatic escalation in the conflict between Iran and its multiple enemies.


Israel and Iran: Shadow War No More?

by Shaul Horev and Benny Spanier / JNS.org

OPINION

The Mercer Street, a Japanese-owned Liberian-flagged tanker managed by Israeli-owned Zodiac Maritime that was attacked off the Oman coast. As seen in Cape Town, South Africa, in this picture obtained from ship tracker website MarineTraffic.com, December 31, 2015. Johan Victor/Handout via REUTERS

JNS.org – An oil tanker was attacked in the Gulf of Oman on July 29. It sailed under the Liberian flag, under Japanese ownership, and it was operated by the London-based Zodiac Maritime, which is owned by Israeli businessman Eyal Ofer. As a result of the attack, which was apparently carried out by a suicide drone, two crew members, one British and one Romanian, were killed. This attack was similar in nature to four others that took place over the last few months in the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Oman. Iran did not take responsibility for these operations and even denied them, despite the fact that Iranian-owned media stated that the attack was a response to a recent Israeli attack in Syria.

From the outset, in light of the naval campaign which Israel has been carrying out (according to foreign sources) over the past few years against Iran, it was right to ask two questions: firstly, how much do these operations contribute to the campaign Israel is carrying out against Iran’s nuclear program (another way of putting it: what is the strategic effectiveness of these operations); and secondly, does the political echelon, which approved these operations, take into account the possible responses by the Iranians in the maritime zone against Israel, a zone that Israel is completely dependent upon for its trade with the rest of the world.

The July 29 attack, which led to the death of uninvolved civilians, has been attributed to Iran by not only Israel but also the United States and the United Kingdom. It may mark a turning point in the so-called “campaign between the wars” waged by Israel and Iran. Are we at the point where the sides take off the masks and emerge from the shadows? In any case, this is the time to consider which course of action Israel should take.

This theater of war is located thousands of kilometers from Israel’s coast, and in this regard, Israel is in a significantly inferior position to the Iranians. In addition, since it sold its stake in Zim shipping company in 2004, the State of Israel has owned hardly any cargo ships. Out of 6,400 vessels that passed through Israeli ports in 2020, only 4 percent were Israeli-owned. That is, the local economy is almost completely reliant on international ships in order to carry out its foreign trade (which constitutes 99 percent of all Israeli trade), and it is reasonable to think that, during an emergency, it will be reliant on these ships in order to trade.

For a number of years, Israeli companies dealing in maritime trade believed that their ships’ non-association with the state would lead to their immunity from attack (including from the Iranians), but recent events have shown this assumption to be mistaken. When the companies approached the relevant authorities in Israel to receive guidelines on how to act in the face of this new reality, they received advice that suggested that the authorities who approved the naval campaign against Iran apparently didn’t take into account a potential response of the kind we have just witnessed.

Because of this, we think that the first step is for Israel to publicly define the area of the eastern Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Oman adjacent to Iran as an area of risk, as far as ships under Israeli ownership or which are operated by Israeli companies located in Israel are concerned. Israel must issue security guidelines to ships under Israeli ownership.

Secondly, as far as any kind of attempted attack goes, Israel should announce that all ships which sail in the area and are Israeli-owned or operated by companies based in Israel are considered to be ships flying under the Israeli flag. This means that events like the one we just witnessed will be classified as harmful to Israel’s sovereignty and naval acts of terror.

The moment the masks are removed and Israel takes upon itself the responsibility for ships sailing in the area, it will also be able to ask to participate in and be assisted by Combined Task Force 150. This is a multinational coalition naval task force, made up of 33 countries, which was established in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolutions.

The force operates from its base in Bahrain and monitors, boards, inspects and stops suspect ships as part of the global war on terror. The force operates in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, and its mission is to ensure that legitimate maritime trade can travel through the area, without threats from non-state actors. On October 18, in Manama, Bahrain, Israel signed an interim agreement to establish diplomatic relations between the states, and in June 2021 Bahrain even appointed its first ambassador to Israel.

Today, the entrance of Israeli naval vessels to the Combined Task Force base in Bahrain can also increase cooperation between the countries. In addition, it will be possible to use the United Arab Emirates ports which are located around the Gulf of Oman coast, close to the current combat arena. This is all part of the promotion of the Abraham Accords and the strengthening of cooperation between the countries.

Israel also needs to work to strengthen its cooperation with the US Fifth Fleet, the most powerful in the region, which is based in Bahrain (as is the United States Naval Forces Central Command). At the moment, cooperation with the Americans has significance at the declarative level. It is in Israel’s interest that the American government publicly recognize the campaign which Israel and Iran are conducting in the area, especially while negotiations over a new nuclear deal are ongoing.

Some think that the Israeli response should be carried out against Iran’s emissaries in Syria, Lebanon, and the continental space to our east. We do not intend to discuss the systemic issue, which is being dealt with by the experienced hands of the state’s Cabinet and the security establishment. However, we want to contribute to the strategic thinking which is not taking place in the Israeli security establishment regarding what is happening in the maritime arena, one of whose indicators is the campaign which Iran is waging against Israel in the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Oman.

The contemporary naval strategy emphasizes the importance of the international and diplomatic dimensions at the expense of other fields, and Israel should exploit this dimension in the region while activating appropriate cooperation and leverage.

Professor Shaul Horev is the head of the University of Haifa’s Maritime Policy and Strategy Research Center. IDF Rear Admiral (ret.) Horev has previously served as Israel’s deputy chief of naval operations; commanding officer of the Haifa naval base and commanding officer of an Israeli naval flotilla.

 Dr. (Adv.) Benny Spanier is a Research Fellow at the University of Haifa’s Maritime Policy and Strategy Research Center.

This article first appeared in Israel Hayom.


by Sharon Wrobel

Israeli Defense Minister Benny Gantz and Israeli Foreign Minister Yair Lapid at the August 4, 2021 briefing. Photo: Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Israeli officials have charged the head of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard’s drone command, Saeed Ara Jani, with perpetrating the deadly drone attack on the Israeli-managed Mercer Street vessel that resulted in the deaths of two civilians.

“Amir Ali Hajizadeh, Commander of the IRGC’s Air Force, is behind dozens of terror attacks in the region employing UAVs and missiles,” said Defense Minister Benny Gantz on Wednesday. “For the first time ever, I will also expose the man who is directly responsible for the launch of suicide UAVs — his name is Saeed Ara Jani and he is the Head of the IRGC’s UAV Command.”

“The UAV command conducted the attack on Mercer Street. Saeed Ara Jani plans and provides the training and equipment to conduct terror attacks in the region,” he continued.

At a briefing with the ambassadors of the UN Security Council member nations, Gantz and Minister of Foreign Affairs Yair Lapid accused Iran of being responsible for dozens of terror attacks across the Middle East, while controlling its proxies in Yemen, Iraq and additional countries.

“Iran has once again proven to be a global challenge, a regional challenge and also a challenge to the State of Israel,” Gantz added. “Iran has violated all of the guidelines set in the JCPOA and is only around ten weeks away from acquiring weapons-grade materials necessary for a nuclear weapon. Now is the time for deeds — words are not enough. It is time for diplomatic, economic and even military deeds — otherwise the attacks will continue.”

The intelligence disclosure came as new details emerged about Iran’s involvement in a separate incident on Tuesday, in which the Panama-flagged Asphalt Princess was hijacked by “armed Iranians” in the Arabian Sea.

“This is not a conflict between armies in Syria. This is not a covert operation against a military facility. This is an attack on the world’s trade routes, this is an attack on freedom of movement. This is an international crime,” Lapid said Wednesday, addressing the ambassadors present.  “So my question to you is: what is the international community going to do about it? Is there still such a thing as international law? And does the world have the ability and willpower to enforce it the law?”

“If the answer is ‘yes’, the world should act now,” he continued. “If the international community does not respond in this attack, then there is no such thing as an international community. Instead, it will be, ‘every man for himself.’”

Gantz and Lapid said that during the past week, Israel mobilized all possible diplomatic and security channels, calling upon the international community to set clear boundaries for Iran and to cease its aggressive conduct. Action may be taken through the UN Security Council or any other international framework that will hold Iran accountable for its deeds, they suggested.

Meanwhile, Israel will maintain the right to act independently in the face of any attack or threat to its citizens and sovereignty, Gantz and Lapid told ambassadors of the UNSC member countries.

“The Iranian people are not our enemy. The Iranian regime is threatening us and sparking a regional arms race,” Gantz emphasized.

Gantz and Lapid said that going forward, Israel will share with its international counterparts intelligence and concrete evidence related to recent attacks.