“This is not just another routine agreement,” emphasized Prof. Baram. “This time, Israel is demanding more aggressive conditions.”

 Israeli soldiers operate near the northern border with Lebanon, on February 21, 2024 (photo credit: IDF SPOKESPERSON'S UNIT)
Israeli soldiers operate near the northern border with Lebanon, on February 21, 2024
(photo credit: IDF SPOKESPERSON’S UNIT)
Against the backdrop of the emerging US-brokered ceasefire agreement in the North, the challenges anticipated in its implementation, and the pressures on Hezbollah, Israel is at a pivotal juncture but must adopt a firmer stance against future threats, Professor Amatzia Baram, an expert in international relations and national security, told Maariv on Tuesday.

On Monday, the initial details of a ceasefire agreement being brokered by the United States and agreed upon by Israel were released.

The agreement includes significant changes to the existing arrangements, mainly addressing alterations to the composition of the international forces monitoring the border with Lebanon and stricter Israeli demands for the suppression of Hezbollah.

Amid these developments, US envoy Amos Hochstein is expected to arrive in Beirut.

Reports in Lebanese media indicated that the agreement involved a fundamental shift in the makeup of the international forces supervising the border. The new force will be led by the United States and France, departing from the UN Security Council Resolution 1701, which has been in effect since the Second Lebanon War. Moreover, Israel’s demands go beyond pushing Hezbollah north of the Litani River; they include the destruction of all the organization’s infrastructure beyond that line.

“This is not just another routine agreement,” emphasized Prof. Baram. “This time, Israel is demanding more aggressive conditions—not only to distance Hezbollah physically but to ensure that its facilities and infrastructure are completely destroyed. This is a significant escalation in Israel’s security doctrine against Hezbollah.”

 Soldiers from the Commando Brigade operate in southern Lebanon, October 5, 2024. (credit: IDF SPOKESPERSON'S UNIT)Enlrage image
Soldiers from the Commando Brigade operate in southern Lebanon, October 5, 2024. (credit: IDF SPOKESPERSON’S UNIT)

Hezbollah taking the proposal seriously?

Baram noted that Hezbollah faces a complex situation with this proposal. “I believe Hezbollah is taking the proposal seriously because they are under immense pressure—militarily, economically, and politically. They realize that the continuation of the conflict harms them more than it does Israel.”

He added that Hezbollah has made a significant concession by deviating from its leader Hassan Nasrallah’s unified approach to the Gaza and Lebanon arenas. “This is a major concession. Hezbollah, with Iran’s backing, is willing to separate the two fronts. Iran has even authorized Hezbollah to independently decide the terms. This crucial shift reflects the gravity of their situation.”

A key point of contention in the agreement is an American letter presented to Israel. It grants legitimacy to Israeli military actions in Lebanon in the event of violations.

“This letter is the cornerstone of Israel’s strategy,” Baram explained. “It is not an official part of the agreement that Hezbollah and Lebanon are required to sign but an annex allowing Israel to act militarily in case of arms smuggling or Hezbollah’s return to the border.”

The letter has drawn fierce opposition from Hezbollah.

“Hezbollah views this letter as a violation of Lebanese sovereignty,” said Baram. “However, Israel must ensure the letter remains in effect because, without it, preventing Hezbollah’s return to the border becomes impossible.”

Baram asserted that if Hezbollah continues to resist the agreement’s terms, Israel must intensify military pressure.”The principle is clear—heightened military pressure on the Shiite population in Lebanon could compel Hezbollah to capitulate and accept the terms. This is entirely different from Gaza, where military pressure does not lead to the release of hostages, but in Lebanon, it works.”

He suggested focusing military efforts on Hezbollah’s infrastructure and strategic areas.

“They might comply with the agreement for two or three weeks, but they will eventually resume smuggling weapons through Beirut or Syria to the border. The American letter is designed to allow Israel to act beyond the Litani line if necessary, including through air or ground forces.”

One crucial condition Israel must demand, according to Baram, is the prevention of residents from returning to the border villages. “These villages served as military outposts for all intents and purposes. Their return must not be allowed,” he stated. “The villages adjacent to the fence were hubs of Hezbollah activity, and Israel must ensure they do not return.”

Baram clarified that while this demand is not officially part of the agreement, it is critical for Israel’s security. “We must not repeat past mistakes where we allowed continuous violations out of fear of war. This time, Israel must take the risk and act decisively.”

In conclusion, Prof. Baram underscored the need for Israel to fully enforce the agreement, including securing US approval for military actions.

“The American letter is not just a document—it is the authorization enabling Israel to act. It is not enough for the letter to exist; we need a government determined to implement it and prevent any violations.”

He warned that Hezbollah will likely breach the agreement sooner or later. “What is decisive is not just the agreement itself but Israel’s willingness to fight for its implementation. We cannot afford to return to the 2006 scenario where we compromised on fundamental principles out of fear of another confrontation.”


Biden allows Ukraine to use US arms to strike inside Russia

 UKRAINE’S PRESIDENT Volodymyr Zelensky and US President Joe Biden hold a bilateral meeting, as the NATO summit takes place in Vilnius, last month. (photo credit: KEVIN LAMARQUE/REUTERS)
UKRAINE’S PRESIDENT Volodymyr Zelensky and US President Joe Biden hold a bilateral meeting, as the NATO summit takes place in Vilnius, last month.
(photo credit: KEVIN LAMARQUE/REUTERS)
President Joe Biden’s administration has allowed Ukraine to use US-made weapons to strike deep into Russia, two US officials and a source familiar with the decision said on Sunday.

Ukraine plans to conduct its first long-range attacks in the coming days, the sources said, without revealing details due to operational security concerns.

The move comes two months before President-elect Donald Trump takes office on Jan. 20 and follows months of pleas by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to allow Ukraine’s military to use US weapons to hit Russian military targets far from its border.

The change comes largely in response to Russia’s deployment of North Korean ground troops to supplement its own forces, a development that has caused alarm in Washington and Kyiv, a US official and a source familiar with the decision said.

The White House and the State Department declined to comment. The Ukrainian foreign ministry and president’s office did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

 Republican presidential nominee and former U.S. President Donald Trump and Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskiy meet at Trump Tower in New York City, US, September 27, 2024 (credit: REUTERS/SHANNON STAPLETON/FILE PHOTO)Enlrage image
Republican presidential nominee and former U.S. President Donald Trump and Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskiy meet at Trump Tower in New York City, US, September 27, 2024 (credit: REUTERS/SHANNON STAPLETON/FILE PHOTO)

Russia warns that this is an escalation

Russia has warned that it would see a move to loosen the limits on Ukraine’s use of US weapons as a major escalation.

Ukraine’s first deep strikes are likely to be carried out using ATACMS rockets, which have a range of up to 190 miles, according to the sources.

While some US officials have expressed skepticism that allowing long-range strikes will change the war’s overall trajectory, the decision could help Ukraine when Russian forces are making gains and possibly put Kyiv in a better negotiating position when and if ceasefire talks happen.

It is not clear if Trump will reverse Biden’s decision when he takes office. Trump has long criticized the scale of US financial and military aid to Ukraine and has vowed to end the war quickly, without explaining how.

A Trump spokesperson did not immediately respond to a request for comment. But one of Trump’s closest foreign policy advisers, Richard Grenell, criticized the decision.

“Escalating the wars before he leaves office,” Grenell said, in an X post responding to the news.

Some congressional Republicans had urged Biden to loosen the rules on how Ukraine can use US-provided weapons.

Since Trump’s Nov. 5 victory, senior Biden administration officials have repeatedly said they would use the remaining time to ensure Ukraine can fight effectively next year or negotiate peace with Russia from a “position of strength.”

‘Way too late’

The US believes more than 10,000 North Korean soldiers have been sent to eastern Russia and that most of them have moved to the Kursk region and have begun to engage in combat operations.

Russia is advancing at its fastest rate since 2022 despite taking heavy losses, and Ukraine said it had clashed with some of those North Korean troops deployed to Kursk.

Stretched by personnel shortages, Ukrainian forces have lost some of the ground they captured in an August incursion into Kursk that Zelensky said could serve as a bargaining chip.

“Removing targeting restrictions will allow the Ukrainians to stop fighting with one hand tied behind their back,” Alex Plitsas, senior non-resident fellow at the Atlantic Council, said.

“However, like everything else, I believe history will say the decision came way too late. Just like the ATACMS, HIMARS, Bradley Fighting Vehicles, Abrams Tanks and F-16. They were all needed much sooner,” he added.

Despite Zelensky’s pleas, the White House had been reluctant to allow US-supplied weapons to be used to strike targets deep inside Russia for fear this could escalate the conflict.

Kyiv’s other allies have been supplying weapons but with restrictions on how and when they can be used inside Russia, out of concern such strikes could prompt retaliation that draws NATO countries into the war or provokes a nuclear conflict.

Poland’s foreign minister, Radoslaw Sikorski, also called the move a response to North Korea’s involvement.

“President Biden responded to the entry of North Korean troops into the war and the massive Russian missile strike in a language that V. Putin understands – by removing restrictions on Ukraine’s use of Western missiles,” Sikorski said on X.

Jerusalem Post Staff contributed to this story.


This latest report comes after an American source confirmed to the KAN this month that Qatar had agreed to expel Hamas.

 Illustrative image of senior Hamas official Khalil al-Hayya in front of a Turkish flag. (photo credit: Canva, LOUAI BESHARA/AFP via Getty Images, YASIN AKGUL/AFP via Getty Images)
Illustrative image of senior Hamas official Khalil al-Hayya in front of a Turkish flag.
(photo credit: Canva, LOUAI BESHARA/AFP via Getty Images, YASIN AKGUL/AFP via Getty Images)
Senior members of Hamas’s leadership outside of Gaza have been in Turkey in recent days, Israeli state broadcaster KAN reported on Sunday.

This latest report comes after an American source confirmed to the news outlet earlier this month that Qatar had agreed to remove Hamas from its territory.

It is unclear whether the two reports are related, KAN added.

“You are not welcome here”

The American source spoke to KAN after an earlier report from the state broadcaster claimed that Qatar had told the terrorist group, “You are not welcome here.”

Additionally, Reuters had also reported that the US was exerting pressure on Doha to expel Hamas weeks after the terror organization rejected the latest hostage deal/ceasefire proposal.

 Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan speaks during a joint statement to the media in Baghdad, Iraq April 22, 2024.  (credit: AHMAD AL-RUBAYE/Pool via REUTERS/File Photo)Enlrage image
Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan speaks during a joint statement to the media in Baghdad, Iraq April 22, 2024. (credit: AHMAD AL-RUBAYE/Pool via REUTERS/File Photo)

Further, Turkey has expressed sympathy for Hamas throughout the war.

In early August, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan declared a day of mourning after the elimination of Hamas political bureau leader Ismail Haniyeh. The Turkish embassy in Tel Aviv lowered its flag to half-mast to mark the occasion.

Earlier, in March, Erdogan stated that Ankara “firmly backs” Hamas, the Saudi outlet Arab News reported.

“No one can make us qualify Hamas as a terrorist organization,” he reportedly said during a speech in Istanbul. “Turkey is a country that speaks openly with Hamas leaders and firmly backs them.”